Nail abnormalities: Can you diagnose nail abnormalities (#challenge)

During our clinical rotations, we all somehow focus more on hands and nails, as we have been told that you get much of the information just by looking at the hands and faces of the patient. That is largely true!
In this post, we have for you these flashcards of different nail abnormalities, where you can see an abnormal nail image. The challenge for you is that try to identify the nail abnormality and then look up the answer. How many can you diagnose correctly? Let us know in the comments!

Onychomycosis

Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nails that causes discoloration, thickening, and separation from the nail bed.

Onychomadesis

Onychomadesis is the proximal separation of the nail plate from the nail matrix due to a temporary cessation of nail growth.

Onychorrhexis

Onychorrhexis is characterized by longitudinal ridging of the nail.

Mees' lines

Also called ‘leukonychia striata’, are white lines of discoloration across the nails of the fingers and toes

Beau's lines

Deep grooved lines that run from side to side on the fingernail or the toenail.

Lindsay's nails

Also known as ‘Half and half nails’, show the proximal portion of the nail white and the distal half red, pink, or brown, with a sharp line of demarcation between the two halves.

Koilonychia

‘Spoon nails’ can be a sign of hypochromic anemia, especially iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

Muehrcke's lines

‘Apparent Leuconychia striata’ are the two smooth white bands that run parallel to the lunula across the width of the nail.

Nail pitting

Pitting in nails may be seen in psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, sarcoidosis, lichen planus etc.

Paronychia

Inflammation of the fingers or toes in one or more of the three nail folds.

Terry's nails

Ground glass opacification of nail with obliteration of lunula, and a narrow band of normal, pink nail bed at the distal border.

Splinter hemorrhages

Longitudinal, red-brown hemorrhage under nail plate. May be seen in Infective endocarditis.

Finger clubbing

Click to watch this useful video about clubbing